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A Study of Words

SMoking is not a bad habit ... it's a deadly addiction to nicotine

 

In 1976 a good friend of mine died as the result of a heart condition related to smoking cigarettes. He left a wife and four children. He tried to quit smoking, but he couldn’t.

At that time I smoked a pack a day ... at least.

After I left his funeral I went home and vowed to quit, and somehow I did quit even though I did every thing wrong in the process.

You’re not supposed to “quit” in an emotional state, but that is exactly what I did.

I had a wife and two young children. My wife smoked, and she was going to quit, but she never did. She died, but not necessarily because she smoked.

So, the point is that I quit “cold turkey.”

Later, I found out that “cold turkey” doesn’t mean what most people think it means. I looked it up a long time ago, and if I remember correctly the phrase developed in the early 1900s, and it had to do with people who were trying to lose weight.

They would keep some cold turkey in the refrigerator for snacks, if they got hungry. The phrase represents a tapering off, and there are those who say that you cannot stop smoking by tapering off.

And I agree.

You just have to quit. And you have to mean it when you say it to yourself, even though some times you might laugh like a maniac when you say it to yourself.

What I did do was reward myself at the end of every day that I did not smoke.

Usually my reward was food ... every thing from banana pudding to peach ice cream.

Yes, I gained weight, but the ex-smokers I talked to said losing weight was easier than dying from smoking. They were right.

One thing you have to realize is that when you decide to quit smoking you are not just breaking a bad habit.

You are fighting a deadly addiction to nicotine.

When you realize that you are an addict it becomes much more serious.

Smokers are addicts: The addiction is nicotine. This is not a game. This is an addiction that can kill you ... one puff at a time.

Those television commercials put out by the Bureau of Health and Human Services are effective because they are real. Those commercials reminded me of the fact that I would probably be dead had I not quit.

I’m not the picture of health, but I am 79, and I walk a half-mile every day.

And you can save a ton of money if you quit.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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‘Dust if you must’

Someone sent me this nifty poem -- titled “Dust If You Must” -- via the Internet with the following information:

The poem  was attributed to Mrs. Rose Milligan from Lancaster in Lancashire, England. It was first published in the Sept. 15th, 21st edition, of The Lady (magazine) in 1998.

I loved it from the get-go and got permission via e-mail to and from England to run it in A Study of Words. So here it is:

 

Dust if you must

But wouldn’t it be better?

To paint a picture, or write a letter,

Bake a cake, or plant a seed?

Ponder the difference between want and need.

 

Dust if you must

But there is not much time

With rivers to swim and mountains to climb!

Music to hear, and books to read,

Friends to cherish, and life to lead.

 

Dust if you must,

But the world is out there

With the sun in your eyes,

The wind in your hair,

A flutter of snow, a shower of rain,

This day will not come round again.

 

Dust if you must,

But bear in mind,

Old age will come and it’s not kind.

And when you go, and go you must,

You, yourself will make more dust.

 

This poem came to me on facebook, and somehow I lost the name of the person who sent it to me. Please identify yourself, so I can thank you.

This poem has inspired me to include my own attempt at poetry, years ago.

It is titled “Different.”

 

Day is day, and night is night.

Black is black, and white is white.

False is false, and true is true.

I am me, and you are you.

Send in your poem to This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it . I will run it if approved by the editorial board of The Opelika Observer. ******************

Now for one of my favorite studies: Studying “Place Names in Alabama” by Virginia O. Foscue, who was a professor in the English Department at The University of Alabama. I think I bought this paperback  years ago at a garage sale in Auburn. The copyright date is 1989 byThe University of Alabama Press.

After a few studies you may understand that naming towns was not a science:

ARAB A town in Marshall County that received its name when post office officials mistook the hand written d for a b in the application for a post office to be named Arad for the son of the first postmaster. Locals pronounced it Arab with the accent on the A.

AUBURN Lizzie Taylor, the fiancee of Thomas Harper, son of one of the town’s founders, suggested the name after reading Oliver Goldsmith’s poem, “The Deserted Village.” (That’s what was the title in the book.)

BALLPLAY Settlement with discontinued post office in Etowah County. Name is said to be the name of the designation of a sport of Indians living here in prehistoric times.

OPELIKA The name Opelikan was recorded when the town was founded in the 1830s. Was respelled as Opelika in 1850, the name of an upper creek town in Coosa Creek, whose designation means “big swamp,” from Creek opilwa (swamp)and lako (big).

SAUGAHATCHEE CREEK Stream rising in Chambers County and flowing into the Tallapoosa River. In Benjamin Hawkins’ “A Sketch of the Creek Country in 1798 and 1799.” Name means Rattle Creek, from Creek sauga (a rattle gourd) and hachi (creek).

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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Twist and turns of newspaper life in a nutshell

If you keep on reading then some of this column might makes sense.

A reader writes:

A while back I got a survey that asked me if I was a liberal or a conservative.

She said I am both -- a fiscal conservative and a social liberal.

The survey, however, demanded an answer: liberal or conservative, so she opted out of taking the survey.

That is the way I feel about things some times. but I never have sense enough to opt out.

It would be wonderful if life or issues were so simple that we could label people as either liberal or conservative. Such problems reflect the way things are some times.

That’s why when people take surveys or polls they should simply ask how people will vote on a particular issue, not whether they are conservative or liberal.

The Associated Press and some newspapers require basic information about surveys or polls before they will report the results, including who is paying for the survey, when was it taken, how was it taken, and what are the sampling errors margin for the poll.

This required information is an effort to include any aspect of the survey or poll that might influence the outcome.

People being surveyed  have every right to ask such questions if they get calls from people asking questions.

I remember years ago when I was living in Tuscaloosa that before election day there would always be news stories about how willing voters were to support tax increases for education.

But I noticed that there was seldom any evidence of such support on election day. This, however, is not really what I have on my mind.

It became clear years ago that some people associated with the AEA under the leadership of Paul Hubbert were doing “what had to be done” to gain budget support for public school teachers and for public school administrators.

“What had to be done” included surveys or polls that were favorable to AEA or public education in general.

And “what had to be done” became an open secret: The AEA used its voting power and whatever political might it could muster to improve the pay for school teachers.

Even the political power of the late Gov. George C. Wallace was overcome as Paul Hubbert led the AEA in a surge that established the AEA as the toughest kid on the block.

Years later as things turned out, after I resigned as editorial page editor for the Opelika-Auburn News, I was asked by Don Eddins to write a column for The Auburn Villager, a new weekly in Auburn. Eddins is a lawyer who runs the Villager. He is also the lobbyist for the Alabama Nurses Association.

Some of my fellow codgers warned me that if I agreed to write for The Villager I would be writing columns supporting the AEA, and sometimes I would be writing columns supporting politicians favoring AEA.

With this in mind, I wrote my first five or six columns for The Villager to focus on The Birmingham News series on the questionable ethical practices of Alabama’s Community Colleges. It was a brutal series by The Birmingham News, which later won just about everything for its investigative reporting on the matter.

Eddins never said anything about my columns on The Birmingham News prize winning work. I drew from this that I could write about anything I wanted to write about in The Villager, so I just kept on writing about any thing and every thing I wanted to write about.

My problem was that my health was not really up to par, and then-editor of the Villager, Jacque Kochack, had to clarify some of my sentence structure to make my columns readable.

But the day came when I heard that Eddins had dismissed columnist Bob Mount for criticizing a state senator. This made it easy for me to resign from The Villager, and this is how I wound up,  happily so, on the Observer.

None of this column makes all that much sense, but it just came out.

Writing for the Observer has been a pleasure, and has been great therapy for me in my effort to keep on writing.

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When radio was hot , and political correctness was not

During the early 1940s, while growing up in Evergreen, deep in the heart of the Piney Woods section, due south from the Black Belt and west from the Wire Grass section, our hot media included newspapers, radio and the movies.

We listened to the radio while getting ready for school, and at night from about 5:30 to 10.

Radio comedians included Jack Benny, Bob Hope, Fred Allen, Edgar Bergen & Charlie McCarthy and Bob & Ray.

Jack Benny always told jokes about being tight with money. Evergreen’s downtown crowd, just coming out of the depression, loved Benny.

His signature joke had to do with being confronted by a mugger who demanded: “Your money or your life.” Long pause, then an impatient “well?” from the mugger. Then Benny: “I’m thinking, I’m thinking.”

I remember vividly how the comedians got stuck on the subject of women  drivers, and the reason I remember this so well is that Mom did most of the driving for our family.

She was an excellent driver, and eventually taught me how to drive.

The reason I want to expand on this is that when Mom was about five years old, she developed an infection in her left eye. She lost her left eye, and wore an artificial eye for the rest of her life.

It was not obvious when you first met her. Her “eye appearance” was akin to Peter Falk’s (Inspector Columbo).

While the jokes about women drivers gained in popularity, I didn’t pay too much attention to them because Mom was a  good driver, and she did not pay too much attention to them either.

The jokes were not politically correct, but no one knew about political correctness back then. That’s not exactly true, but I don’t remember women complaining about the jokes about their driving.

I never thought about Mom driving with just one eye until years later, and I asked her how she could drive so well with just one eye. She said she had talked to doctors about it, and the conclusion was that one-eyed drivers compensated to the point of losing only about 20 percent of their vision.

She never had an accident.

Radio  sit-coms included Lum & Abner (at the jot-em down store), Amos & Andy, Fibber McGhee & Molly and Henry Aldridge.

If I remember correctly, our early morning radio was chiefly the Louisiana Hayride, a “sort of” Good Morning, America for that day that included a mixture of songs and jokes.

My most vivid memory for that program had to do with Hadacol, an over-the- counter “drug” that made you feel good. And the jokes, oh yes I remember.

“Why do they call it Hadacol? They had to call it something.”

Other old shows that come to mind include Jack Armstrong (the all-American boy}, Dragnet, Dick Tracy, Steve Wilson of the Illustrated Press. The Inner Sanctum, Flash Gordon and the Lone Ranger.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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Finding a ‘little green library’

Several years ago, in a television interview, Shelby Foote, Southern novelist and historian, told of going to a metropolitan library to study old newspapers.

The librarian fixed him up with plenty of microfilm and the apparatus with the hand crank that allows you to spin the magnified pages for reading.

Foote said this microfilm procedure did not feel right, so he asked the librarian if they had old newspapers in scrapbooks. Yes, he was told, but they’re in the basement.

“Even better,” Foote said, making the point that he wanted to feel a sense of history while he was studying history.

He wanted to touch the yellowing newsprint to get the feel of time and the printed word.

The microfilm procedure had a plastic cheapness about it. He just didn’t like it, and the pages were blurred by the jerky motion of the crank.

Foote’s interview reminded me of the little library we had for years in my hometown of Evergreen. It looked as though it had once been a filling station.

It seemed comfortable to call it “the little green library,” giving it the same sense of character as “the little red school house.”

Foote would have loved it.

On summer days you could go to the library to read in the cool breeze of an oscillating fan --- a black fan with a felt base to cut the noise. Young readers picked up quickly on learning the big word “oscillating.” It made us feel smart to know that oscillating meant “to swing back and forth like a pendulum.”We’re talking high-tech here.

People spoke in whispers The librarian was a gentle woman who knew what books were about. And she seemed to be pleased when youngsters came in quietly, pulled out an “adventure book” from a shelf, and sat down on the cool cement floor.

Nor did the librarian say anything about the B-B Bat Sucker you enjoyed while you read. You could just read and read and read.

This is the ambiance I have looked for in a library over the years. Sometimes I find it and sometimes I don’t.

No matter, It’s not that big of a deal, but it is good to know that Shelby Foote has the same idea.

*********************

A reader has asked for a soul definition of the word “liberal.”

You learn early in newspaper work that liberal is a subjective word in th same sense as the words “young” or “old.” An “old” person is someone 15 years older than you are.

In politics it is used as an attack word. Being called “liberal” is not the same as being called a “sissy,” but it comes close.

Liberal has been abused for so long and so viciously that it needs a break. And now that I think about it the word “conservative” needs some rest, too.

In today’s political climate, however, they say you have to be conservative to get elected.And if you get tagged as being “liberal” you will disappear faster than Bruce Willis did in “Armageddon.”

Bad-mouthing liberal thought, however, is not too smart.

A liberal thinker could be defined as someone who questions what is wrong and then asks what can be done about it.

Seems like a good approach to things. But if you wait long enough that same definition will be applied to a conservative thinker.

It just depends.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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Keeping up with style and usage

Keeping up with style and usage in American English is tedious.

From The Associated Press Stylebook (1993):

reluctant, reticent

Reluctant means unwilling to act: He is reluctant to enter the primary.

Reticent means unwilling to speak:  The candidate’s husband is reticent.

running mate  (two words, no hyphen)

rush hour (n.) rush-hour (adj.)

Who, Whom: Use who and whom for references to human beings and to animals with a name.

Use that and which for inanimate objects and animals without a name.

Who is the word when someone is the subject of a sentence, clause or phrase:

The woman who rented the room left the window open. Who is there?

Whom is the word when someone is the object of a verb or a preposition: The woman to whom the room was rented left the window open. Whom do you wish to see?

Who’s Whose: Who’s is a contraction for who is, not a possessive. Who’s there?

Whose is the possessive: I do not know whose coat it is.

round up (v.) roundup (n.)

rubella: Also known as German measles.

runner-up, runners-up

sculptor:  Use for both men and women.

stationary, stationery: To stand still is to be stationary. Writing paper is stationery.

pupil, student: Use pupil for children in kindergarten through eighth grade. Student or pupil is acceptable for grades nine through 12.

Use student for college and beyond.

Editor’s note: It appears to me that common usage is now student in reference to all grades. The latest style book I have at the house is for the year 1993. I need to have a current style book.

The Associated Press Stylebook is used by most newspapers. Exceptions to this rule include The New York Times and The Washington Post.

American English is a complicated language that requires consistent updates because usage changes so much. Think for example how much change the development of the Internet has made and continues to make on our language.

And we all have to be aware of the differences in style and usage between the English Departments and the journalism departments. (Life is tedious.)

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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A closer look at the NRA

The National Rifle Association could improve its relations with the public by working through programs aiming to improve the mental health of people, all kinds of people.

Now maybe they are working through such programs, but if they are I don’t know about it.

The NRA’s mantra that “guns don’t kill, people do” would fit comfortably in a program geared to help the mentally ill. And it has been consistently the mentally ill who have used guns to kill innocent people.

Right now in particular when a lack of funding has caused Alabama to cut back on mental health facilities, the NRA could help by stressing the need for priorities in this area.

From my observation, states serve the mentally ill by providing places for them to take their medicine, and it is this medicine that gives people a chance to control themselves and act in a constructive manner.

If nothing else, the NRA could help the public develop a better understanding of the problems of mentally ill people and their families.

Families who have to deal with this problem need all the help they can get.

In retrospect, the single mom who was trying to deal with her son who killed those kids in Newtown Conn., did not stand a chance.

Now you are right to ask: How can the NRA help in such situations?

I can only respond by saying I have no idea how the NRA can help, but I do know the NRA could find a way to help if they wanted to. I would start by going to mental health associations to find out how they can help.

In particular, I would talk to doctors and parents who deal with this problem. I feel confident they would tell NRA people how they can help.

The success of this idea would depend on the willingness of the NRA to take some responsibility in this problem.

Indeed it may be true that people, not guns, kill, but it is just as true that the NRA manufactured the guns used in the killing.

* * *

Medical research has reached a zenith, I thought, when I saw the incredible television news story about the young man whose arms and legs had been successfully transplanted.

And then I remembered my own experience years back when surgeons at EAMC performed open heart surgery on me.

Then I thought of all the people I know who have experienced knee replacements and hip replacements.

The practice of medicine means so much to all of us.

My memories as a child include how it was that people would not say the word “cancer,” but today we have people who discuss their cancer treatments.

Times change, people change, often for the better.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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Momma said: ‘Marriage is never like the end of a movie’

“Hello, Darkness, my old friend. Time to talk to you again.”

So goes that compelling song by Simon and Garfunkel that pulled the movie fans into the incredible plot of “The Graduate” with Anne Bancroft, Dustin Hoffman and Katherine Ross.

I watched it again the other night on Turner Classic Movies. It was just as good the other night as it was in 1967. Poor old Benjamin, poor old Elaine and poor old Mrs. Robinson.

I’ve seen it at least a dozen times, and each time I am reminded of a conversation with my Mom back in the 1940s during the radio days when we had just listened to a romantic comedy on the Lux Theatre. I was about 12 or so.

At the end, Mom spoke in her serious voice:

“Bubba.”

“Yesum.”

“Marriage is never like the end of a movie.”

“Yesum.”

My understanding of that observation over the years: Don’t take movies and radio programs too seriously.

But of course you should take marriage seriously.

Sometimes children listen to their parents, and sometimes they don’t.

According to an article by John Michelson of TNNS, posted recently on line:

“The divorce rate in America peaked at around 50 percent in the 1980s. and slowly has been trending downward. It is slightly more than 40 percent.” (TNNS, often referred to as Tennis is an Amazon  publication.)

In reference to the romantic comedy, “The Graduate,” I have often wondered if Mike Nichols, the director, has ever considered a follow-up.

Imagine a gathering at Mrs. Robinson’s with Benjamin, Elaine, Mr. Robinson, Ben’s parents and all those friends who attended at the pool party to welcome home the graduate.

Of course it was a fairy tale, as most movies are. That’s why it is good for us to see a real movie now and then such as “Lincoln.”

Come to think of it. The story of the marriage of Abraham Lincoln and Mary Todd would not necessarily be a romantic comedy, and I doubt that it would be a box office smash.

As for marriage today, here’s a quote from The Huffington Post, posted on the Internet:

“In light of the current divorce rate, why do you think young people expect their marriage to last?

“Well, I think because we still have a very romantic view of marriage as a society. Surveys show that close to 90 percent of emerging adults say they expect to find their soul mate as a marriage partner.

“That’s a very romantic ideal. It’s a sort of ideal person that is just right for you. And so I think that even though many young people have seen their parents (divorce), and they are always aware of the 50 percent divorce rate, they still go into it determined to have a successful marriage, and very hopeful of reaching that soul mate ideal.”

My observation is that so many young people today are so burdened by the college loan fiasco and the easy access to the credit card mindset that they are simply too deep in debt to be able to recognize their soul mates.

Debts never go away unless somebody pays them. And you can’t pay them without  a really good job with a really good salary ... and a lot of discipline.

“Hello darkness, my old friend, time to talk to you again.”

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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On the matter of adult language ... and a suggestion for the NRA

We have Knology now with its incredible number of movies, old shows and nekkid channels, but we spend most of the time watching Turner Classic Movies, and re-runs, from Frasier, Cheers, Golden Girls, Everybody loves Raymond and I Love Lucy.

My favorites in the current shows include “The Good Wife,” a couple of the CSI shows, and “Law and Order SVU.” I also enjoy the PBS shows.

Obviously, Hollywood still makes some good movies, but I think overall those films of the ‘30s, ‘40s and ‘50s are better than some films made today..

I especially enjoyed the Greer Garson and Walter Pidgeon movies this week.

The so-called adult language movies of today are often thin on plots, and tend to get your attention by using the “F” word every other scene. When one television writer was interviewed some time ago about the use of such language, he said the language helped actors in reflecting the rage of their characters. The rage develops quicker, he said.when the language gets rougher.

Maybe so, but actors from the old days reflected a great deal of rage without the use of such language. Humphrey Bogart’s character  did not need adult language in “Sierra Madre” when he went into a murderous rage. He just went into a rage.

Nor did Richard Widmark’s character when he pushed the old lady in the wheelchair down the stairs in his first movie, “The Kiss of Death.”

I think today’s writers feel they connect better with the young viewers from 18 to 40, that magical range that advertisers want to reach. And they think using “the adult language” does the trick.

My favorite show in the current line-up is “The Good Wife” on CBS because I think it is extremely well written. These writers cover court procedures, lawyers and law firms in magnificent detail. This show has credibility, and I think credibility is vital. They use adult language, but they use it in an adult way.

Bob Sanders knows more about movies than any one, and I would like to read his take in comparing the “old adult language” with the new version.

* * *

In reference to the National Rifle Association’s skillful escape from guilt in connection with murderous rages, I suggest that the NRA make an effort to help mentally ill people who buy guns then kill people.

The NRA maintains that guns do not kill people; people do. OK, granted but the NRA could help by finding some way to contribute to the treatment of the mentally ill.

Now hear me out before you dismiss this as “liberal hogwash.” Alabama and other states have had to close mental facilities for the mentally ill because of budget cutbacks. Before the cutbacks, these facilities served as places for patients who needed support in taking their medicine; medicine in some cases that would prevent murderous rages.

Scoff if you will, but the NRA’s people could talk to doctors and mental health associations to find how it could help. Certainly the public might have a bit more respect for the NRA if it actually tried to help. They might be able to sell more guns this way.

The irony is that sales at gun stores reportedly increase after some of these shootings.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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For it is written that New York has Broadway and   Alabama has Montgomery

Here in Alabama, we have always understood our reality in the sense that New York, for example, has Broadway, and we have Montgomery in the sense that our state government often entertains us with drama and comedy to a high degree of theatrical education. Our latest show involves our state attorney general, our lust for gambling and our yearning for political victory through legal ingenuity.

I am thankful that The Montgomery Independent, a gutsy weekly with Bob Martin as its editor and publisher, is articulating the historical moments making up the latest chapter of the conflict involving our attorney general Luther Strange, our pursuit of happiness through gambling in a casino and our ability to manipulate the law with a skill akin to Shakespeare’s remarkable talent.

The factual threads that bind us, according to the Independent, are that the Poarch Creek gambling tribe paid our attorney general $100,000 via a political contribution to tomahawk the competition, which in this case is Milt McGregor’s casino titled VictoryLand.

This time the Creeks have the power.

And sure enough, Sir Luther somehow finagled our Supreme Court to issue a search warrant that led to the shut down of the casino and the confiscation of its “bingo” machines.

“Foul play” hollered Montgomery attorney Joe Espy, who rides the white horse for McGregor.

Indeed, how was it that our Supreme Court with the Ten Commandment judge, Roy Moore, now serving as chief justice, over-ruled a circuit court judge to issue the search warrant that led to the collapse of the house of McGregor?

A study of the case shows that our attorney general found an obscure case that gave the higher court the authority to do so.

And so it was that Alabama troopers, following the  orders of the attorney general, initially searched the casino to find that it was operating illegally then confiscated the sinful machines.

A cameo role in this drama is being played by Johnny Ford, mayor of Tuskegee, who walked to center stage because his city is in the county of Macon, the home site of the casino. “Jobs,” yelled Ford, you’re taking jobs from our good people, who support their families with their paychecks from VictoryLand.”

Meanwhile, a good time is being had by all who chose to gamble in the Indian facilities across Alabama. How can the Indians run casinos in Alabama? While regular Alabamians cannot?

Because it is written that Indian Reservations are protected by the federal government. And somewhere it is written that when we gave some of the stolen land back to the Creeks we did so with the understanding that they can use the land without restriction from the states.

Every time The Montgomery Independent writes about this comedy of errors, emphasis is placed on the $100,000 political contribution to Luther Strange’s campaign for attorney general.

The implication is that the Creeks own Alabama’s attorney general.

Meanwhile, there may be those who remember it was Montgomery attorney Joe Espy, now the attorney for VictoryLand, who successfully defended a whole bunch of people charged with bribing legislators to support gambling interests.

Espy successfully defended most of these cases in open court. This was quite a show of legal strength.

This leads me to believe that if this case ever gets to open court, Strange things might happen. Pardon the pun, but there it was just waiting to be used.

So what does all this mean? New York has Broadway. We have Montgomery.

If this case ever gets to open court, it might just be the best play we have ever seen.

It would be a comedy if it were not so serious.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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A man can learn...

A man can learn ... if he studies words, reads good books and goes to good movies.

We all grew up using the mnemonic device — i before e except after c. We used it to spell receive correctly then we studied all the exceptions — ancient, aweigh, beige, caffeine, counterfeit, financier, foreign, forfeit, heifer, height, inveigle, leisure, neighbor, neither, protein, science, seize, seizure, sleigh, sleight, sufficient, their, weigh and weird.

My personal contributions include Auburn restaurant to remember to put the a before the u, and my favorite -- we are weird.

* * *

The word mail, as in deliver the mail, was delivered to America by way of Latin to German to French to English.

According to The Merriam-Webster Book of Word Histories, the word mail was an old Germanic word meaning bag when the French brought it to the 11th century to use as a word for leather sack.

It was spelled male by the French back then, but nowadays, the French spell it malle and use it to mean box or trunk.

Middle English borrowed mail from the French around 1200, spelling it first as male, and eventually as mail.

In the mid 17th century, mail came to be applied specifically to a bag of letters or mail bag, and then to the letters themselves.

* * *

And now some wisdom and insight from the book, “Fly Fishing Through the Midlife Crisis,” by Howell Raines who is coming to Auburn University in April as a speaker for the Neil and Henrietta Davis Lecture Series. Raines was editor of The New York Times.

From a review in 1994 of his book:

The obligatory metaphor — the stream of life — flows through these pages with the force of a strong writer, Howell Raines.

“Hear me, my brothers. You know who you are. Neither the old fathers, nor the sons you love can carry you now.

“I leave you a note pinned to a tree in the heart of the forest. It contains all the advice any man can offer. The black dog (the midlife crisis) is on your trail. Get ready to meet him.”

There is humor, soul and the art of fly fishing in this book.

On that note in the forest is the battle cry of the Dog Soldiers, the Warrior Class of the Cheyenne: “It is a good day.”

How could such a battle cry bring courage to man?

Shift gears for a minute and think of the question in “Moonstruck” when Olympia Dukakis’ character asks Danny Aiello’s character why does a man chase a woman?

“I don’t know,” Aiello’s character says, “maybe because he fears death.”

“The battle cry,” Raines wrote,” is not about dying. It’s about freedom.”

And if a man would understand this, he would lose his fear of the crisis in his life, which is to say a man like that middle-aged character in “Moonstruck” chasing a woman would realize he is chasing his youth.

Then he would come to his senses.

A man can learn if he studies words, reads good books, goes to good movies and goes fly fishing.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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Cyber World: Difficult to Break Rules When There Are Not Any to Break

 

NYT columnist Maureen Dowd was writing about films in the mix for an Oscar when she wrote: “And then there’s the kerfuffle over “Lincoln,” which had three historical advisors but still managed to make some historical bloopers.

I had never heard of a kerfuffle, so I checked it out.

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, a kerfuffle is a noun meaning a commotion or a fuss, especially one caused by conflicting views. It originated in the early 19th century, perhaps from the Scottish curfuffle.

A good synonym for kerfuffle is brouhaha. It is a commotion, but not violent.

In yet another NYT article, I came across a word I had never seen --
cyberwarriors:

“On the outskirts of Shanghai, in a run-down neighborhood dominated by a 12-story white office tower, sits a People’s Liberation Army base for China’s growing corps of cyberwarriors.”

These are the people who attack computers in American corporations, organizations and government agencies.

Naturally, this led to the search for the origin of cyber via an Internet source identified as “Askville” by Amazon:

Cyber is originally from Greek but moved into contemporary usage in 1948. It is a prefix used to describe a person, thing or idea as part of the computer and information age.

It is taken from kybernetes, Greek for steersman or governor. First used in cybernetics, a word coined by Norbert Wiener. Common usages include cyberculture, cyberpunk and cyber-space (now cyberwarrior).

The more you study this “cyber business,” the more you realize that the cyberworld does not have the help of a well-established language. These cyberpioneers just make it up as they go up or down the cyber road. That may be why they come up with such words as

Google, Twitter, Facebook et al. There is difficulty in breaking rules when there are no rules to break.

It’s a bit weird, but that is the way of cyber world.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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Cards, poker, aces high, dueces wild, joker and riverboat gamblers

Sir Bullwinkle and Mr. Chips are discussing their memories in terms of long-term and short-term.

Bullwinkle: I am conducting a study concerning my 78-year-old brain.

Chips: How so?

Bullwinkle: I have read Wikipedia about the history of cards and the history of poker, and now I’m going to write about them to see how accurate I am.

Chips: So, what did you find out?

Bullwinkle: The Chinese came up with cards some time around 900. It was a natural thing for them to do because they had already invented paper.

Chips: Now that just goes to show you ... those Chinese never rest. First paper, then playing cards. How did they come up with poker?

Bullwinkle: I forget, but I think they initially had more than 52 cards in a deck, and it took a while for the Turks, the Brits, the Russians the French, us and a few others to develop the cards that we know today. And I do remember that the French Revolution elevated the value of the ace.

Chips: How so?

Bullwinkle: Card players figured the French Revolution turned everything upside down. That’s when somebody came up with the phrase “aces high.” And sure enough, the lowest card, which was the one or the ace, became the highest card.

Chips: Hmmmm. I guess that explains why the French never recovered.

Bullwinkle: That’s deep, Bully ol’ boy. You may be interested in knowing that an American came up with the idea of a joker.

Chips: Was he a Democrat or a Republican?

Bullwinkle: (Slapped his knee and laughed) Depended on how the cards were falling.

Chips: That’s a good one, Bully. What about the phrase, deuces wild? Where did that come from?

Bullwinkle: Don’t remember that being mentioned, but it probably came from the Middle East ... after they struck oil. (Yuk, yuk, yuk)

Chips: You’re on a tear. This Wikipedia sounds interesting.

Bullwinkle: Well, I do remember reading that poker became popular on the river boats going up and down on the Mississippi. So, all those old movies about river boat gamblers were accurate. And then later, the card culture  just moved out West during  the Gold Rush.

Chips: Well, I don’t know how accurate you have been, or what all this says about your short-term or long-term memory, but it was fun.

Bullwinkle: Yep. You know we could start a course in OLLIE and call it short term or long term with Wikipedia.

Chips: What’s OLLIE?

Bullwinkle: I can’t remember.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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Times change, people change and words change ... it’s a part of life

One reader has suggested that I write about some of the fundamentals that cause problems for young writers. It was suggested that I discuss the rules for lay and lie.

Consider this about  lay and lie from The Associated Press Stylebook:

The action word is lay. It takes a direct object. Laid is the form for its past tense and its past participle. Its present participle is laying.

Lie indicates a state of reclining along a horizontal plane. It does not take a direct object.

Its past tense is lay. Its past participle is lain. Its present participle is lying.

When lie means to make an untrue statement, the verb forms are lie, lied and lying.

Here are some examples of present or future tenses.

Right: I will lay the book on the table. The prosecutor tried to lay the blame on him.

Wrong: He lays on the beach all day. I will lay down.

Right: He lies on the beach all day. I will lie down.

In the past tense:

Right: I laid the book on the table. The prosecutor has laid the blame on him.

Right: He lay on the beach all day. He has lain on the beach all day. I lay down. I have lain down.

With the present participle:

Right: I am laying the book on the table. The prosecutor is laying the blame on him.

Right: He is lying on the beach. I am lying down.

These are the rules on lay and lie, and for the most part lay and lie are obsolete words. Hardly anyone writes or says, “I laid the book on the table.” Most people just say, “I put the book on the table.”

Writers should understand original usage, but they do not necessarily have to stay with the same old words.

My thoughts on the word laid were reflected in a conversation with Ron Howard (aka Opie) with Dave Letterman on The Late Show a few years ago.

Dave: “What’s the movie about, Ron?”

Ron: “Opie gets laid.” (now there’s a past tense for you.)

Some words simply do not mean what they used to mean.

In reference to the sexual revolution, make a list of words that have changed to the point of simply not being used the way they used to be used.

Times change, people change and words change. This doesn’t mean that change is always for the better. It just means that change is a part of life.

As for words, there is no reason to get bent out of shape in reacting to these changes. Study them and think about them. Some times the “change” is brief, and some times it is permanent.

I am going to try to make a list of some of the words that have changed in my life time. Any one else interested? Keep in mind that you have to have a sense of humor when you’re studying words.

As for the traditional usage of lay and lie, it has always been a problem. I had a stern editor who insisted that I not “write around” this usage but that I use the word or words correctly.

Some times I did, and some times I did not. Often, I thought of words that had more punch or action.

Years ago, I remember when a journalism student used the word “venue” instead of place. It surprised me, and initially I did not think it was a good idea, but I changed my mind. If you have followed this word, you know that venue has been fully established as a “legitimate” replacement for place.

Editors and writers should keep readers in mind.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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Farther, further, every one, everyone, jibe, gibe, cool, not cool

Notes drawn from The Associated Press Stylebook.

Every one, everyone

Two words when it means each individual item:

Every one of the clues was worthless.

One word when used as a pronoun:

Everyone wants his life to be happy. (Note that everyone takes a singular verb and pronoun.)

farther, further

Farther refers to physical distance: She walked farther into the park.

Further refers to an extension of time or degree: She will look further into the mystery. (A friend of mine solved this problem years ago by saying, “Now if there is no farther business.”)

faze, phase

Faze means to embarrass or disturb: The snub did not faze her.

Phase denotes an aspect or a stage: They will phase in a new system.

it’s, its

It’s is a contraction for it is or it has: It’s up to you. It’s been a long time.

Its is the possessive form of the neuter pronoun. The company lost its assets.

Linoleum is formerly a trademark, now a generic term. It lost its identity. This is why companies so zealously protect the usage of their trademarks.

lion’s share

This term comes from an Aesop’s Fable in which the lion took all the  spoils of a joint hunt. Use it to mean the whole of something, or the best and the biggest portion.

Do not use it to mean majority.

milquetoast

Not milk toast when referring to a shrinking, apologetic person. Derived from Caspar Milquetoast, a character in a comic strip by H.T. Webster.

overall

A single word in adjectival and adverbial use.

gibe, jibe

To gibe means to taunt or sneer. They gibed him about his mistakes.

Jibe means to shift direction, or colloquially, to agree: They jibed their ship across the wind.Their stories didn’t jibe.

Personal note: It’s red-haired person, not red-headed.

And now a paragraph from Webster’s Word Histories:

In the 1940s the word cool took on a new meaning in the world of jazz — “relaxed, restrained and understated” describes the cool jazz that developed during this period in contrast to the swing and Dixieland styles. Within this world cool was then applied to anything that met with approval. It took the place of good, great and excellent. This usage became widespread throughout the hip world and was even more loosely applied  — the best was the coolest.

In my opinion, cool will always be with us, and it will always be cool to use cool, but it is not cool to use cool in some of the more formal settings.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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Spirit and Image, Spittin’ Image, Hurricanes, Colonels and Kernels, Denim and Jeans

 

Where did the phrase “the spittin’ image,” as in he is the spittin’ image of his father, come from?

It is my understanding that the phrase was originally “the spirit and image,” but it fell in with a rough crowd and became the spittin’ image.

From The Associated Press Stylebook:

Capitalize hurricane when it is part of the name that weather forecasters assign to a storm: Hurricane Hazel.

But use it and its -- not she, her or hers -- in pronoun references.

And do not use the presence of a woman’s name as an excuse to attribute sexist images of women’s behavior to a storm. Avoid, for example, such sentences as: The fickle Hazel teased the Louisiana  coast.

As a personal note I think the day may come when men’s names will be used to identify hurricanes, a move which could lead to sentences such as: Ol’ Harry wobbled ashore just east of Miami, seemingly on a rampage, wrecking two hotels.

* * *

From Webster’s Word Histories:

A study of colonel: One of the spelling-versus-pronunciation oddities in English is that “colonel” is pronounced the same as “kernel.” A review of the history of colonel shows how this discrepancy between spelling and pronunciation came about.

In many languages when a word contains two identical or similar sounds, one of these sounds will often change over a period of time. A familiar example of this kind of change (called dissimilation) is the common pronunciation of February without the first “r”.

For a similar reason when the Italian word colonello, denoting the commander of a column of soldiers, was taken into French it became coronnel.

In the 16th century, the word was borrowed by the English from French in the form coronel.

Soon afterward, in writing the spelling colonel came to be used in order to reflect the Italian origin of the word. By that time however the pronunciation with “r” was well established,and today we still say kernel while we write colonel.

* * *

A study of denim: The name of many a fabric is derived from the name of the place in which the fabric originated or in which it was manufactured. It is rather unusual, however, that two different names derived from the names of cities in different countries should be applied to the same material.

Denim comes from the French de nimes, meaning of nimes, originally used in the phrase serge de nimes, which appeared in English in the 17th century as serge denim.

Serge from the Latin adjective sericus, of silk, is a durable twilled fabric, and Nimes is a city of southern France where textiles are still an important industry. Today denim is not only a term for a type of cloth, in the plural it is used for overalls or trousers made of denim.

Another common name for these same garments is jeans, used in the plural like denims.

In the singular, jean is also a term for a durable twilled cotton.

You just never know where a loose thread will lead to.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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Subject-verb agreement can promote mediocrity

People who don’t understand the language are doing things they ought not to be doing.

Take the Los Angeles Times ... please.

The Times is goose stepping its way toward a style book that demands that “subjects and verbs must agree no matter what lies between.”

Certainly, editors at the Times have this option, but in doing so they are abandoning thought and embracing mediocrity

Subject-verb agreement has never been easy, and making yules to eliminate decisions may not be the correct route.

In reporting this LA Times decision, the Copy Editor offered this example to discuss the problems associated with subject-verb agreement:

— A handful of protesters (was/were) arrested.

Most editors interpret “a handful of protesters” as a plural subject so they would write that “ a handful of protesters were arrested.”

When Worlds Collide, a good word book, has this to say about subject-verb agreement: The verb must agree with the intended number of the subject. This means that the writer or editor must take two steps to make a decision: identifying the real subject and determining whether the subject’s meaning is singular or plural.

Example: A number of houses are/is for sale. Some would say that “number” is the subject so a singular verb should follow. Others would argue that the subject is, in fact, “a number of houses,” a phrase that gives a plural connotation.

I would assume that the LA Times would rule that “a number of houses is for sale.”

To make it more complicated, write it this way: The number of houses for sale is 25.

Thoughtful editors, including Theodore Bernstein, say that when the subject is preceded by the, use a singular verb. When its preceded by a, use a plural verb.

According to the Copy Editor, thoughtful editors say the subject should take a singular verb if the idea of oneness dominates.

The subject should take a plural verb if the idea of a number of individuals is stressed.

Writers and editors have to make these decisions. The good ones develop guidelines and try to follow them, while the mediocre ones make rules.

There are rules in this language, but you still have to think. This problem requires thought, not legislation.

* * *

A thing or two about words and the mind from a NYT obituary on Solomon E. Asch, a social psychologist:

“Early in World War II, when Hitler was at the height of his power, Dr, Asch ... studied the effects of propaganda and indoctrination. Propaganda is the most effective, he concluded, when fear and ignorance mix. ‘But the human mind,’ he added, ‘is an organ for the discovery of truths rather than of falsehoods.’ “

* * *

In one of my recent columns, the only misspelled word was spelling --- three “Is.” What is a word columnist to do?

* * *

From Bits of Mountain Speech:

--- Choicey (adjective): particular, fastidious. “You needn’t be so choicey about it.”

— Come (preposition): by or about. “They’ll git here come night.”

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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Did we get first names and last names so we could be taxed?

There are those who say that we began to have first names and last names so the king could identify us to tax us.

First there was John, then there was John’s son (Johnson), and so forth and so on. You can see where this logic is going for the female. Their names did not count.

Then of course there were people who drew their names from where they lived.

One William lived on the hill by the church so he became Churchill.

If you follow this thought you can come up with endless versions of names from places, and names from second generations, then third generations and so forth and so on.

Such thoughts about the origin of names are indeed simple, so simple that I imagine that people sometimes followed this procedure, and some times branched out, as in the names of some who lived by the branch, or the river -- Mr. Rivers or Mr. Branch.

I met a man who was named Rainwater.

And of course, because there were no phone books, I wonder where some one who might have been common got the name of King. Or Bishop? Or Pope?

If indeed we did have to have particular names so we could be taxed, I suspect some of us might have found a way to confuse the tax collectors.

These ideas are just silly ideas on my part that probably have no relation to the reality of where names originated.

It strikes me that the Internet might serve as a neutral source for the study of where our names originated.

I was told that some people pronounced their names differently so they would not be confused with the families at the other end of the road.

For example, there were the Jordans, pronounced “Jurdans,” and the Jordans pronounced Jordans and then the Smiths pronounced “Smyths.”

I was told when I was growing up in Evergreen, that mecca of “name culture,” that the name Morgan had to do with the marriage of someone of high breeding to some one of not-so high breeding. Such marriages were referred to as “Morganic marriages.”

When we were about five and six, my friend Pace Bozeman and I had many deep conversations about names while we were growing up.

Where in the world did the Baggets come from? Or the Cunninghams? Or the Simmonses? Or the Bozemans?

Pace told me that the Bozemans were Dutch, and that took care of that.

I don’t recall that we ever had any formal discussions with our parents about where names come from, or any kind of discussion at all. And it was never a part of our schooling.

As I grew older, but not wiser, or smarter, I figured some people did not want to discuss the history of names because at some point the snob factor pops up.

I hope to follow up on this point by studying the history of names via the Internet.

God bless the Internet. It is a neutral source for so many questions, and someone has to ask dumb questions.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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Sometimes The World Is Too Much With Us

With some memory support from Wikipedia, I am able to refer to the poem “The World Is Too Much With Us” by William Wordsworth to comment on the latest clash between the liberals and conservatives in Washington. Wordsworth wrote this poem in the early 1800s:

“The world is too much with us; late and soon,

Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers:

Little we see in Nature that is ours;

We have given our hearts away, a sordid boon!

This sea that bares her bosom to the moon;

The winds that will be howling at all hours,

And are up gathered now like sleeping flowers;

For this, for everything. we are out of tune;

It moves us not -- Great God!

I’d rather be a pagan suckled in a creed outworn;

So might I, standing on the pleasant lea,

Have glimpses that would make us less forlorn;

Have sight of Proteus rising from the sea;

Or hear old Triton blow his wreathed horn.”

You may well wonder why this old man goes to the trouble of using an ancient poem to emphasize that people going through the Industrial Revolution in the 1800s experienced as much turmoil and misunderstanding back then as we are in 2013 via our revolution with the Internet.

My point, if I have one, is to say that back in the 1800s the world was often too much with them just as it is with us today. Back then, they were looking for answers to figure out the Industrial Revolution. Today we are trying to figure out whatever it is that we are going through.

Our problems in Washington today require that we understand each other so that we can discuss our problems and disagreements with some intelligence.

My point is that conservatives and liberals have got to work together so the world will not be too much with us.

If you are really serious about being a good American, find a good English teacher to help you understand what this poem is all about. If you can’t do that then study this poem via the Internet.

Surely you have heard that poets are our true legislators.

The truth may be that all of us need to take a deep breath, then settle down to find a rational approach. We all know that our country is going to hell in a hand-basket because we are spending too much money. And we should all know that the Middle Class is our strong point.

The Middle Class helps us keep our balance. We need moderate leaders with this perspective.

And wealthy people should realize that the Middle Class won this last election.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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Our democracy has put Barack Obama in the catbird seat

According to Wikipedia, “in the catbird seat” is a phrase used to describe someone in an enviable position, or someone who has an advantage, or the upper hand in all types of dealings.

Red Barber, a popular baseball broadcaster in the 1940s, made the phrase famous by using it often in his broadcasts. For example, a batter with “three balls and no strikes” was in the catbird seat.

Arguments come into play when you try to figure out who used the phrase first. Some say that Barber did, but some say that James Thurber did in his short story, “The Catbird Seat.”

I don’t think anyone got all worked up about who said it first. Most people just enjoy using the phrase.

I think the phrase is applicable to today’s so-called fiscal cliff in which it is clear to me that President Barack Obama is in an enviable position -- or the catbird seat -- in dealing with the Republican Party over the tax decision that has to be made.

The President appears to have more power in representing the middle class, a more popular group, in his battle with the Republicans who represent the wealthier Upper Class.

The situation is clear, but the solution is not.

The stituation is not as simple as a batter with “three balls and no strikes,” but the President is coming off the campaign with the popularity of a re-election, he’s got a good eye for a fastball, and he can follow a curve when he sees one.

The Republicans do have some legislative power, but they have hurt themselves throughout a tough campaign by painting themselves closer to the wealthy and further from the middle class.

A good leader has got be on the side with the best balance, and I think the Democrats have shown better balance than Republicans.

Some of the quotations during the campaign by elected Republicans showed little understanding for groups who make up the middle class.

This is our system. We have chosen our President.

It is my hope that he will make the right decision, and I think he will.

Gillis Morgan is an associate professor emeritus of journalism at Auburn University and an award-winning columnist. He can be reached at This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

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